{"id":20826,"date":"2023-06-26T12:03:53","date_gmt":"2023-06-26T04:03:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tbenews.com\/tbe\/?p=20826"},"modified":"2023-06-26T12:03:54","modified_gmt":"2023-06-26T04:03:54","slug":"snapshot-week-26-2023-analyzing-two-tbe-vaccine-failures-was-antibody-mismatch-the-cause","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tbenews.com\/tbe\/snapshot-week-26-2023-analyzing-two-tbe-vaccine-failures-was-antibody-mismatch-the-cause\/","title":{"rendered":"Snapshot week 26\/2023 <br>Analyzing two TBE vaccine failures: was antibody mismatch the cause?"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"cb-itemprop\" itemprop=\"reviewBody\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gei\u00dflreiter et al.<br>High neutralizing antibody mismatch as a possible reason for vaccine failure in two children with severe tick-borne encephalitis<br><em>Ticks Tick Borne Dis.<\/em> 2023;14(4):102158. doi:10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2023.102158<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TBE vaccination is highly effective, but vaccination breakthrough (VBT) infections occur in a small percentage of vaccinees. Two VBTs in two adolescents aged 13 and 16 years, who had been immunized with the TBE vaccine Encepur (based on strain K23), have been analyzed in more detail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At the onset of clinical symptoms, both patients were negative or borderline when IgM antibodies were tested against the envelope glycoprotein E or against the non-structural protein 1 (NS-1) but became positive at day 10 and 12 respectively. Both patients also exhibited a great increase in TBE antibody IgG during the course of infection. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">No TBE virus could be isolated from the patients\u2019 cerebrospinal fluid, but from ticks of the respective area of infection. Both isolated virus strains were of European subtype and showed about 1% difference at nucleotide level between each other and the TBE vaccine strain K23. TBE neutralization tests gave positive results against the vaccine strain (1:160 and 1:640 respectively), while the titers were lower against the strains isolated from the ticks (1:20 and 1:80 respectively). NT titers were also higher when the vaccine strain Neud\u00f6rfl was used (160 and 640 respectively one or eight days after admission) in comparison to the isolated virus strains from the supposed infection site.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The authors discussed that a mismatch of neutralizing antibodies against wild-type TBE virus strains might be at least partially responsible for the vaccine failure. The two isolated wild-type strains differed from the vaccine strain by 2 to 4 amino acid exchanges in the glycoprotein E. In further studies, the disease-causing wild-type strain should be identified, either in the patient or from ticks at the site of infection in order to analyze the possibility that certain wild-type strains may be less well neutralized by antibodies produced in response to vaccine strains and to help to clarify whether current vaccines may possibly be optimized by adaption.<\/p>\n<\/span>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gei\u00dflreiter et al.High neutralizing antibody mismatch as a possible reason for vaccine failure in two children with severe tick-borne encephalitisTicks Tick Borne Dis. 2023;14(4):102158. doi:10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2023.102158 TBE vaccination is highly effective, but vaccination breakthrough (VBT) infections occur in a small percentage of vaccinees. Two VBTs in two adolescents aged 13 and 16 years, who had been immunized with the TBE vaccine Encepur (based on strain K23), have been analyzed in more detail. At the onset of clinical symptoms, both patients were negative or borderline when IgM antibodies were tested against the envelope glycoprotein E or against the non-structural protein 1 (NS-1) but became positive at day 10 and 12 respectively. Both patients also exhibited a great increase in TBE antibody IgG during the course of infection. &nbsp; No TBE virus could be isolated from the patients\u2019 cerebrospinal fluid, but from ticks of the respective area of infection. Both isolated virus strains were of European subtype and showed about 1% difference at nucleotide level between each other and the TBE vaccine strain K23. TBE neutralization tests gave positive results against the vaccine strain (1:160 and 1:640 respectively), while the titers were lower against the strains isolated from the ticks (1:20 and 1:80 respectively). NT titers were also higher when the vaccine strain Neud\u00f6rfl was used (160 and 640 respectively one or eight days after admission) in comparison to the isolated virus strains from the supposed infection site. The authors discussed that a mismatch of neutralizing antibodies against wild-type TBE virus strains might be at least partially responsible for the vaccine failure. The two isolated wild-type strains differed from the vaccine strain by 2 to 4 amino acid exchanges in the glycoprotein E. In further studies, the disease-causing wild-type strain should be identified, either in the patient or from ticks at the site of infection in order to analyze the possibility that certain wild-type strains may be less well neutralized by antibodies produced in response to vaccine strains and to help to clarify whether current vaccines may possibly be optimized by adaption.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1354,"featured_media":12864,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[960,1017,750,208,1018,1019],"coauthors":[581],"class_list":["post-20826","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-snapshot","tag-adolescents","tag-antibody-mismatch","tag-vaccination-breakthrough","tag-vaccine-failure","tag-vaccine-strain","tag-wild-type-strain"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Snapshot week 26\/2023 Analyzing two TBE vaccine failures: was antibody mismatch the cause? - TBE Book<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/tbenews.com\/tbe\/snapshot-week-26-2023-analyzing-two-tbe-vaccine-failures-was-antibody-mismatch-the-cause\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Snapshot week 26\/2023 Analyzing two TBE vaccine failures: was antibody mismatch the cause? - TBE Book\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Gei\u00dflreiter et al.High neutralizing antibody mismatch as a possible reason for vaccine failure in two children with severe tick-borne encephalitisTicks Tick Borne Dis. 2023;14(4):102158. doi:10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2023.102158 TBE vaccination is highly effective, but vaccination breakthrough (VBT) infections occur in a small percentage of vaccinees. Two VBTs in two adolescents aged 13 and 16 years, who had been immunized with the TBE vaccine Encepur (based on strain K23), have been analyzed in more detail. At the onset of clinical symptoms, both patients were negative or borderline when IgM antibodies were tested against the envelope glycoprotein E or against the non-structural protein 1 (NS-1) but became positive at day 10 and 12 respectively. Both patients also exhibited a great increase in TBE antibody IgG during the course of infection. &nbsp; No TBE virus could be isolated from the patients\u2019 cerebrospinal fluid, but from ticks of the respective area of infection. Both isolated virus strains were of European subtype and showed about 1% difference at nucleotide level between each other and the TBE vaccine strain K23. TBE neutralization tests gave positive results against the vaccine strain (1:160 and 1:640 respectively), while the titers were lower against the strains isolated from the ticks (1:20 and 1:80 respectively). NT titers were also higher when the vaccine strain Neud\u00f6rfl was used (160 and 640 respectively one or eight days after admission) in comparison to the isolated virus strains from the supposed infection site. The authors discussed that a mismatch of neutralizing antibodies against wild-type TBE virus strains might be at least partially responsible for the vaccine failure. The two isolated wild-type strains differed from the vaccine strain by 2 to 4 amino acid exchanges in the glycoprotein E. In further studies, the disease-causing wild-type strain should be identified, either in the patient or from ticks at the site of infection in order to analyze the possibility that certain wild-type strains may be less well neutralized by antibodies produced in response to vaccine strains and to help to clarify whether current vaccines may possibly be optimized by adaption.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/tbenews.com\/tbe\/snapshot-week-26-2023-analyzing-two-tbe-vaccine-failures-was-antibody-mismatch-the-cause\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"TBE Book\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-06-26T04:03:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-06-26T04:03:54+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/tbenews.com\/tbe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/TBE-Snapshots.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1180\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"250\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Shaqeez\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Shaqeez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tbenews.com\\\/tbe\\\/snapshot-week-26-2023-analyzing-two-tbe-vaccine-failures-was-antibody-mismatch-the-cause\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tbenews.com\\\/tbe\\\/snapshot-week-26-2023-analyzing-two-tbe-vaccine-failures-was-antibody-mismatch-the-cause\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Shaqeez\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tbenews.com\\\/tbe\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/2bc2ab1f56f93257537a0ce8de903224\"},\"headline\":\"Snapshot week 26\\\/2023 Analyzing two TBE vaccine failures: was antibody mismatch the cause?\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-06-26T04:03:53+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-06-26T04:03:54+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tbenews.com\\\/tbe\\\/snapshot-week-26-2023-analyzing-two-tbe-vaccine-failures-was-antibody-mismatch-the-cause\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":342,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tbenews.com\\\/tbe\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tbenews.com\\\/tbe\\\/snapshot-week-26-2023-analyzing-two-tbe-vaccine-failures-was-antibody-mismatch-the-cause\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tbenews.com\\\/tbe\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/11\\\/TBE-Snapshots.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"adolescents\",\"antibody mismatch\",\"vaccination breakthrough\",\"vaccine failure\",\"vaccine strain\",\"wild-type strain\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Snapshot\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tbenews.com\\\/tbe\\\/snapshot-week-26-2023-analyzing-two-tbe-vaccine-failures-was-antibody-mismatch-the-cause\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tbenews.com\\\/tbe\\\/snapshot-week-26-2023-analyzing-two-tbe-vaccine-failures-was-antibody-mismatch-the-cause\\\/\",\"name\":\"Snapshot week 26\\\/2023 Analyzing two TBE vaccine failures: was antibody mismatch the cause? 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- TBE Book","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/tbenews.com\/tbe\/snapshot-week-26-2023-analyzing-two-tbe-vaccine-failures-was-antibody-mismatch-the-cause\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Snapshot week 26\/2023 Analyzing two TBE vaccine failures: was antibody mismatch the cause? - TBE Book","og_description":"Gei\u00dflreiter et al.High neutralizing antibody mismatch as a possible reason for vaccine failure in two children with severe tick-borne encephalitisTicks Tick Borne Dis. 2023;14(4):102158. doi:10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2023.102158 TBE vaccination is highly effective, but vaccination breakthrough (VBT) infections occur in a small percentage of vaccinees. Two VBTs in two adolescents aged 13 and 16 years, who had been immunized with the TBE vaccine Encepur (based on strain K23), have been analyzed in more detail. At the onset of clinical symptoms, both patients were negative or borderline when IgM antibodies were tested against the envelope glycoprotein E or against the non-structural protein 1 (NS-1) but became positive at day 10 and 12 respectively. Both patients also exhibited a great increase in TBE antibody IgG during the course of infection. &nbsp; No TBE virus could be isolated from the patients\u2019 cerebrospinal fluid, but from ticks of the respective area of infection. Both isolated virus strains were of European subtype and showed about 1% difference at nucleotide level between each other and the TBE vaccine strain K23. TBE neutralization tests gave positive results against the vaccine strain (1:160 and 1:640 respectively), while the titers were lower against the strains isolated from the ticks (1:20 and 1:80 respectively). NT titers were also higher when the vaccine strain Neud\u00f6rfl was used (160 and 640 respectively one or eight days after admission) in comparison to the isolated virus strains from the supposed infection site. The authors discussed that a mismatch of neutralizing antibodies against wild-type TBE virus strains might be at least partially responsible for the vaccine failure. The two isolated wild-type strains differed from the vaccine strain by 2 to 4 amino acid exchanges in the glycoprotein E. In further studies, the disease-causing wild-type strain should be identified, either in the patient or from ticks at the site of infection in order to analyze the possibility that certain wild-type strains may be less well neutralized by antibodies produced in response to vaccine strains and to help to clarify whether current vaccines may possibly be optimized by adaption.","og_url":"https:\/\/tbenews.com\/tbe\/snapshot-week-26-2023-analyzing-two-tbe-vaccine-failures-was-antibody-mismatch-the-cause\/","og_site_name":"TBE Book","article_published_time":"2023-06-26T04:03:53+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-06-26T04:03:54+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1180,"height":250,"url":"https:\/\/tbenews.com\/tbe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/TBE-Snapshots.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Shaqeez","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Shaqeez","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/tbenews.com\/tbe\/snapshot-week-26-2023-analyzing-two-tbe-vaccine-failures-was-antibody-mismatch-the-cause\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/tbenews.com\/tbe\/snapshot-week-26-2023-analyzing-two-tbe-vaccine-failures-was-antibody-mismatch-the-cause\/"},"author":{"name":"Shaqeez","@id":"https:\/\/tbenews.com\/tbe\/#\/schema\/person\/2bc2ab1f56f93257537a0ce8de903224"},"headline":"Snapshot week 26\/2023 Analyzing two TBE vaccine failures: was antibody mismatch the cause?","datePublished":"2023-06-26T04:03:53+00:00","dateModified":"2023-06-26T04:03:54+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/tbenews.com\/tbe\/snapshot-week-26-2023-analyzing-two-tbe-vaccine-failures-was-antibody-mismatch-the-cause\/"},"wordCount":342,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/tbenews.com\/tbe\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/tbenews.com\/tbe\/snapshot-week-26-2023-analyzing-two-tbe-vaccine-failures-was-antibody-mismatch-the-cause\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/tbenews.com\/tbe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/TBE-Snapshots.jpg","keywords":["adolescents","antibody mismatch","vaccination breakthrough","vaccine failure","vaccine strain","wild-type strain"],"articleSection":["Snapshot"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/tbenews.com\/tbe\/snapshot-week-26-2023-analyzing-two-tbe-vaccine-failures-was-antibody-mismatch-the-cause\/","url":"https:\/\/tbenews.com\/tbe\/snapshot-week-26-2023-analyzing-two-tbe-vaccine-failures-was-antibody-mismatch-the-cause\/","name":"Snapshot week 26\/2023 Analyzing two TBE vaccine failures: was antibody mismatch the cause? 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