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Chapter 12b: TBE in Norway

6. Skarpaas T, Ljøstad U, Sundøy A. First human 16. Paulsen KM, Stuen S, das Neves CG, Suhel F,
cases of tickborne encephalitis, Norway. Emerg Gurung D, Soleng A, et al. Tick-borne
Infect Dis. 2004;10:2241-3. encephalitis virus in cows and unpasteurized
cow milk from Norway. Zoonoses Public
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Tickborne encephalitis virus, Norway and
Denmark. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006;12:1136-8. 17. Traavik T. Serological investigations indicating
the existence of tick-borne encephalitis virus
8. Csángó PA, Blakstad E, Kirtz GC, Pedersen JE, foci along the Norwegian coast. APMIS. Section
Czettel B. Tick-borne encephalitis in southern
B: Microbiology and immunology. 1973;81
Norway. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004;10:533-4.
(1):138-42.
9. Andreassen A, Jore S, Cuber P, et al. 18. Hjetland R, Henningsson AJ, Vainio K, Dudman
Prevalence of tick borne encephalitis virus in
SG, Grude N, Ulvestad E. Seroprevalence of
tick nymphs in relation to climatic factors on antibodies to tick-borne encephalitis virus and
the southern coast of Norway. Parasit Vectors.
Anaplasma phagocytophilum in healthy adults
2012;5:177.
from western Norway. Infect Dis (Lond).
10. Radzisauskiene D, Zagminas K, Asokliene L, 2015;47:52-6.
Jasionis A, Mameniskiene R, Ambrozaitis A, et
19. Traavik T, Mehl R, Wiger R. The first tick-borne
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encephalitis in Lithuania and clinical features in
APMIS. Section B, Microbiology. 1978;86:253-5.
adults in the light of the high incidence in
recent years: a retrospective study. Eur J 20. Gao GF, Jiang WR, Hussain MH, et al.
Neurol. 2018;25(2):268-74. Sequencing and antigenic studies of a
Norwegian virus isolated from
11. Kaminski M, Grummel V, Hoffmann D, Berthele
encephalomyelitic sheep confirm the existence
A, Hemmer B. The spectrum of aseptic central
of louping ill virus outside Great Britain and
nervous system infections in southern
Ireland. J Gen Virol. 1993;74 (Pt 1):109-14.
Germany - demographic, clinical and
laboratory findings. Eur J Neurol. 2017;24 21. Traavik T. Antibodies to tick-borne encephalitis
(8):1062-70. virus in human sera from the western coast of
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12. Larsen AL, Kanestrøm A, Bjørland M, et al.
1979;87b:9-13.
Detection of specific IgG antibodies in blood
donors and tick-borne encephalitis virus in 22. Jaenson TG, Hjertqvist M, Bergstrom T,
ticks within a non-endemic area in southeast Lundkvist A. Why is tick-borne encephalitis
Norway. Scand J Infect Dis. 2014;46:181-4. increasing? A review of the key factors causing
the increasing incidence of human TBE in
13. Paulsen KM, Pedersen BN, Soleng A, et al. Sweden. Parasit Vectors. 2012;5:184.
Prevalence of tick-borne encephalitis virus in
Ixodes ricinus ticks from three islands in north- 23. Jore, S., Viljugrein, H., Hofshagen, M., Brun-
western Norway. APMIS. 2015;123:759-64. Hansen, H., Kristoffersen, A. B., Nygard, K., . . .
Ytrehus, B. (2011). Multi-source analysis
14. Asghar N, Lindblom P, Melik W, Lindqvist R, reveals latitudinal and altitudinal shifts in range
Haglund M, Forsberg P, et al. Tick-borne of Ixodes ricinus at its northern distribution
encephalitis virus sequenced directly from limit. Parasit Vectors. 4, 84. doi:10.1186/1756-
questing and blood-feeding ticks reveals 3305-4-84
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15. Ytrehus B, Vainio K, Dudman SG, Gilray J,
Willoughby K. Tick-borne encephalitis virus and
louping-ill virus may co-circulate in Southern
Norway. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis.
2013;13:762-8.

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